hands on

Once I could halter him without him freaking out, we could venture out of the paddock. Then I found out he really didn't know what leading was. Pressure on a lead sent his head up and him going backwards. Being an Arab, I'm guessing that at some point he got "halter training". Not to deride the good trainers, but I worked for two national level farms, and know that many trainers take shortcuts. Pick up a whip, or anything resembling a stick, and Zazen would lose his mind.
Since I could halter him and rub his neck, we spent time learning to give his nose laterally. Then we progressed to moving one foot by tipping his nose sideways; any pressure directly on his head still brought a violent pullback response. Once I could get feet moving, leading was a zig-zag affair that eventually worked it's way into a straight line.
And now we could go for walks! We walked all over the farm, and every once in a while I would pick up a stick and toss it away from me. When he got okay with that, I started carrying a carrot stick along. At the end of a 12 foot lead he decided it wasn't going to eat him, but it took another month or so to be able to touch him with the evil thing. But by then, I had discovered....